Government Spending Articles What’s in the “One Big Beautiful Bill”?From tax reform to shifts in healthcare, immigration, and SNAP, this legislation will likely affect you. Published July 3, 2025 by the USAFacts team
What’s in the “One Big Beautiful Bill”?
Congress has passed its next major spending bill. This legislation, called “One Big Beautiful Bill,” would lower some taxes, change funding for various federal programs, raise the debt ceiling, and changes many other parts of the federal government with the goal of aligning with the Trump administration’s priorities.
The bill was negotiated through a process called reconciliation, which Congress can use to change laws that affect the country’s budget. The process limits the time the Senate can spend debating to 20 hours, eliminating the possibility of a filibuster. It also means that the bill can pass with a simple majority of 51 votes in the Senate (or 50 plus the vice president’s tie-breaking vote) rather than the supermajority of 60 votes typically needed to avoid a filibuster.
Healthcare: Medicaid and uninsured rates
The bill approved cuts to Medicaid, a health program jointly run by states and the federal government to help people with limited income cover medical costs. It’s funded through mandatory federal spending which renews automatically each year without needing Congressional approval.
In 2024, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), a subagency of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), spent $1.5 trillion, the most of all HHS subagencies. Of that, $638 billion went towards Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
Medicaid enrollment peaked in 2023 at 100 million people. Enrollment has declined 15.5% since then, falling to 84.6 million enrollees by June 2024.
