Does Donald Trump have dementia or another cognitive issue? – Slate

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Photo illustration by Slate. Photo by Alex Wong / Getty Images.

Medical Examiner

Is Trump Losing It?

It’s time to seriously ask the question.

By Anna Gibbs, Jan 26, 20265:45 AM

Trump looking down, while inside his brain are highlighted neural pathways.
Photo illustration by Slate. Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images.

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Donald Trump has been acting a little weird lately, even for him. During a speech he gave in Davos, Switzerland, last week, he kept mixing up Iceland and Greenland. Mistaking one country for another is far from abnormal for him, but it is a touch odd, considering his current obsession with Greenland.

An obsession which, as he very publicly wrote to the Norwegian prime minister, is related to the fact that he wasn’t awarded the Nobel Peace Prize—a bizarre conflation, given that Greenland is a Danish territory, not a Norwegian one. During a recent meeting with oil executives, he spontaneously stood up, walked over to the window to gaze at his ballroom construction project, then returned to his seat.

When someone fainted in the Oval Office in November, he barely reacted. He’s been dozing off in meetings, which led Dick Cheney’s doctor to call for a medical evaluation. (Then again, it’s hardly the first time he’s slept in public.) He recently underwent advanced imaging of either an MRI or CT scan, neither of which is standard preventive care. And his speech continues to descend into gobbledygook.

In general, people follow three different trajectories of aging, explains Carolyn Aldwin, an aging researcher at Oregon State University. There’s normal aging, in which a little cognitive decline happens: The right word is often on the tip of your tongue, or you sometimes forget why you walked into a room.

It becomes more concerning when these memory and attentional problems interfere with day-to-day functioning, like if you can’t remember how to get home, or you leave the stove on. That’s the second trajectory: mild cognitive impairment.

Lots of factors can cause this impairment, and depending on the underlying factor, it won’t always be progressive or permanent. (For instance, urinary tract infections, certain medications, and vitamin B12 deficiency are all common treatable causes of cognitive impairment in aging adults.) If the cause of the mild cognitive impairment is neurodegenerative disease, though, that tends to be the start of progressive decline, says Stephen Gomperts, a neurologist who specializes in dementia at Massachusetts General Hospital.

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